Variation in the values of homogenization index among the studied habitat types showing the diversification (div) or homogenization (hom) effect of alien species on species composition similarity.

Differences between Jaccard similarities based on all and native species were tested using paired Wilcoxon test; significance: **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; n.s., not significant. div = diversification, hom = homogenization. For numbers of pairwise comparisons for each habitat type see Figure 5.