The effect of S14G-HN on spatial memory in 3xTg-AD mice.

Male and female 3xTg-AD mice were subjected to Morris Water Maze after 3 months of intranasal administration with S14G-HN or vehicle. A. Training sessions. Training trials (120 sec each) were performed twice a day for 5 days. Time spent to find platform in first trial in each day is shown as mean±SEM. B–D. Probe test. Time spent in each quadrant is shown as mean±SEM (B). Mice which did not find the visual platform were considered abnormal mice and data of these mice was excluded from analysis (vehicle male = 3, female = 2, S14G-HN male = 1, female = 2). P values of non-parametric ANOVA test (Kruskal-Wallis test) are shown. Time spent within 60 cm from the platform region during first 60 seconds of probe test is shown as mean±SEM (C). Time spent within platform area during first 30 seconds of probe test is shown as mean±SEM (D). In C and D, p =  indicates p values of Mann-Whitney U test.