Repeated treatment with sildenafil citrate prevents hyponatremia and hyperkalemia in animals exposed to CM.

(A) Percent change (t = 0 vs. 48 h) in plasma Na⁺ concentrations in animals administered intravenous ioxilan (5.0 g I/kg) with/without simultaneous sildenafil therapy. (B) Percent change (t = 0 vs. 48 h) in plasma K⁺ concentrations in animals administered intravenous ioxilan (5.0 g I/kg) with/without simultaneous sildenafil therapy. Values are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 3–5. † indicates p<0.05 versus 5.0 g I/kg by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's multiple comparisons test.