Molecular testing by allele specific PCR for detections of Hb Dunn (A), Hb E-Saskatoon (C), Hb J-Kaohsiung (D) and Hb Dhofar & β²⁹ (E) and by PCR-RFLP assay for confirmation of Hb G-Honolulu (B).

The locations and orientations of primers used in each assay are indicated. M represents the λ/HindIII size makers. In each representative gel electrophoresis; lane 1 and lane 2 are normal control and heterozygous for each corresponding Hb, respectively.