Gene expression of inflammatory mediators in the lungs after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HSR).

Lungs from the HSR group rats treated with vehicle or biliverdin (BV) were excised at 3 h after resuscitation and the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA were determined by Northern blot analysis. (Left) The autoradiographic signals of RNA blot hybridized with [α-³²P] deoxycytidine triphosphate-labeled TNF-α (A) or iNOS (B) cDNA. (Right) Concentrations of TNF-α and iNOS mRNA were expressed as arbitrary units. Data are presented as means ± standard deviation and were statistically evaluated using analysis of variance followed by Tukey–Kramer honestly significant difference test (n = 3 per group). ^*p<0.05 vs. vehicle/sham; ^†p<0.05 vs. BV/sham; ^#p<0.05 vs. vehicle/HSR. Vehicle/sham, vehicle-administered animals subjected to sham surgery; BV/Sham, BV-administered animals subjected to sham surgery; vehicle/HSR, vehicle-administered animals subjected to HSR; BV/HSR, BV-administered animals subjected to HSR.