Effects of 5-Azacytidine (5-AzaC) in the somatic embryogenesis of Coffea canephora.

A) Temporal course of explants from C. canephora leaves under embryogenic induction with and without (control) the presence of 5-AzaC at 10 µM and 20 µM. The 5-AzaC was added into the medium every seven days starting at different independent time points (day 7, 14, 21 and 35) of the SE culture. The shaded rectangles mean the presence of 5-AzaC in the medium, as indicated in Materials and Methods. B) The number of every somatic embryo stage was counted after 56 days after induction (dai), with and without (control) the treatments with 5-AzaC added at different time points after the induction (day 7, 14, 21 and 35). The bars represent the mean ± SE (n = 3). Different letters in columns represent the statistical significance of mean differences between each embryogenic stage at a given time by Tukey test (P≤0.05). The experiments were performed three independent times.