Consensus areas of idioblast formation on E. densa leaves.

(A, B) The apical (A) and basal (B) leaf zones defined in this study. Double arrowheads represent marginal tooth cells marking the boundaries between the central zone and the apical or basal zone. (C, D) Three schematics of idioblast cluster distributions on the adaxial (C) or abaxial (D) side of mature leaves. Color-dot annotation as in Fig. 4. (E, F) Schematic representations of areas of maximal (light-colored) and minimal (dense-colored) idioblast formation on the adaxial (E) and abaxial (F) surfaces of leaves. White areas represent a complete absence of idioblasts. Scale bars: 500 μm (A, B); 2 mm (C, D).