The levels of IgG antibodies in the immunized mice with arabinose treatment are comparable to those in the immunized mice without arabinose treatment.

BALB/c mice were orally immunized with the ΔphoPQ mutant harboring pBAD24-yncE* at a dose of 1×10⁹ CFU/mouse, or PBS as control. One group of the immunized mice were administered with 0.5 ml of 20% arabinose at 24 h postvaccination. On the 30th day postvaccination, serum samples were harvested. The levels of anti-flagella and anti-LPS IgGs were determined with ELISA.