Illustration of the hippocampus model.

The sensory input pattern x^SI(t) is transformed to a binary representation through the mapping between SI and EC. DG then transforms the pattern x^EC to a sparse representation x^DG via the non-plastic pathway EC → DG which is subsequently propagated to CA3 via the plastic pathway DG → CA3. Here, N denotes the number of neurons in EC, and t denotes the time within the sequence. Dashed green arrows denote plastic pathways, while solid gray arrows denote fixed pathways, i.e. not plastic on the fast timescale of learning we consider in this work. The forward path represents the encoding path, while the backward path represents the decoding path. Prediction of the next pattern happens in CA3. For illustration purposes, example patterns in the corresponding subregions are shown.