ppat.1008014.g003.tif (4.34 MB)
Epsilon toxin does not bind to the microvasculature of other peripheral organs.
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posted on 2019-11-08, 18:34 authored by Jennifer R. Linden, Claudia Flores, Eric F. Schmidt, Francisco A. Uzal, Adam O. Michel, Marissa Valenzuela, Sebastian Dobrow, Timothy VartanianWild type mice expressing Mal+/+ or mice deficient in Mal-/- were intravenously injected ETX-594 for ten minutes then perfused with PBS to remove unbound toxin. ETX binding to microvasculature was evaluated in tissue cyrosections. FITC-BSL1 was used to visualize microvasculature. ETX bound to the epithelial cells of renal tubules of Mal+/+ mice (white arrows) but not the glomerular capillaries (asterisks). In Mal-/- mice, ETX, can be seen accumulating in unidentified renal structures (white arrow heads). ETX is also observed binding to the microvasculature of the intestines in Mal+/+ mice (white arrows), but not Mal-/- mice. ETX binding was not observed in the spleen, lung, liver or heart of Mal+/+ or Mal-/- animals.
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RABMAL Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxinClostridium perfringens epsilon toxinendosomeEEAInternalized caveolae fuselipid raft-dependent vacuolation60 kDA serum albumin155 kDA IgGmultivesicular bodies fuse basallyCNS microvasculaturecaveolae-dependent transcytosisETX causes blood brain barrier70 kDa dextranETX causes BBB permeability376 Da fluorescein saltETX bindingmultivesicular bodiesblood brain barrier permeabilityETX-induced BBB permeabilityexhibit ETX-induced BBB permeability
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