Effect of liposomal GM-CSF and RFA on antigen presenting cells in R3230 rat model on 3 and 7 days post ablation in untreated index tumor.

RFA-lip-GM-CSF group expression of TAMs and DCs (A) was higher at 3 and 7 days post treatment, and 7 days only, respectively, when comparing RFA-lip-GM-CSF to all other groups. M1⁺/M2⁺ ratio (B) demonstrated no differences between groups. Immunohistochemistry representative images of infiltrating APCs in untreated index tumor (C). *, p< 0.05, RFA-lip-GM-CSF vs all groups, **, p< 0.05, RFA-lip-GM-CSF vs all groups, except RFA-BL, ns, not significant.