Pressure wave difference for ring experiment.

a) The input pressure wave difference of ring 1 (destructive case) from the control (Δp_ring1 = p_ring1−p_control) at HR = 60 bpm and CO = 5 L/min for a complete cardiac cycle. b) The input pressure wave difference of ring 4 (constructive case) from the control (Δp_ring4 = p_ring4−p_control) at HR = 60 bpm and CO = 5 L/min for a complete cardiac cycle.