Gas6 treatment increased TGF-β1 secretion, and this secretion induced Axl expression.

(a) Cells were treated with Gas6 for 24 h, and cell supernatants were collected for TGF-β1 ELISA analysis. All data are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. (n = 4). ^***P<0.001 vs. N-LDL (100 µg/ml). ^*P<0.05 vs. GO-LDL. (b) Cells were treated for 24 h and analysed by Western blotting using a Axl-specific antibody. Gas6-induced TGF-β1 expression (c) and secretion (d) were inhibited by PKC inhibitors. Cells were pretreated with PKC inhibitors for 30 min and treated with Gas6 for 24 h.