Public Library of Science
Browse
Fig_3.tif (2.26 MB)

Atg9 is epistatic to Ypt1 in macro-ER-phagy and not to the ER-exit regulator Sec12, which is not defective in this process.

Download (0 kB)
figure
posted on 2015-07-16, 02:50 authored by Zhanna Lipatova, Nava Segev

A-C.ATG9 was deleted in ypt1-1, WT and sec12ts mutant cells and the effect of overexpression of GFP-Snc1-PEM was determined in single and double mutant cells. Experiments were performed as described for Fig 1A–1C, respectively. A. Snc1-PEM is increased ~3 fold in atg9∆ and sec12ts as compared to ~20 fold in ypt1-1 mutant cells. Importantly, atg9∆ is epstatic to the ypt1-1, but not to the sec12ts, mutation. Left, immuno-blot analysis, increase of the protein level in mutant versus the WT cells is shown under the blot; right, a bar graph summarizing the quantified data. B. Whereas deletion of ATG9 in ypt1-1 mutant cells results in three fold lower accumulation of GFP-Snc1-PEM in aberrant structures (85% to 27%), its deletion in sec12ts mutant cells results in two fold increased accumulation (~40% to ~80%). Shown from top to bottom: DIC, GFP, and % cells with intracellular Snc1-PEM structures. C. Deletion of ATG9 in ypt1-1 mutant cells overexpressing Snc1-PEM results in ~3.5 lower UPR (p-value<0.0005), but a slightly increased UPR in sec12ts mutant cells (p-value = 0.05). D. Atg9 is present on aberrant ER structures that accumulate in ypt1-1 mutant cells. WT and ypt1-1 mutant cells expressing Atg9-mCherry from the chromosome and GFP-Snc1-PEM from a 2μ plasmid were analyzed by live-cell microscopy. Whereas in WT cells (top), the GFP-Snc1-PEM localizes to the cell membrane and Atg9-mCherry to intracellular puncta, the two proteins co-localize in 100% of the ypt1-1 mutant cells (bottom) that accumulate intracellular GFP-Snc1-PEM structures (~80%). Shown from left to right: DIC, GFP, mCherry, merge, % cells with intracellular Snc1-PEM, and % cells with co-localization (number of cells with observed phenotype / total number of cells analyzed). E. GFP-Snc1-PEM is delivered to the vacuole for degradation in sec12ts mutant cells. Accumulation of GFP-Snc1-PEM in vacuoles of sec12ts mutant cells, with and without deletion of the vacuolar protease Pep4, was determined using the FM4-64 dye, which labels the vacuolar membrane. Deletion of PEP4 in sec12ts mutant cells results in an increase percent of cells in which GFP-Snc1-PEM accumulates inside the vacuole (from 8% to 100%). Shown from left to right: DIC, GFP, FM4-64 (vacuolar membrane), merge, % cells with aberrant GFP-Snc1-PEM structures, % cells with GFP-Snc1-PEM outside vacuole, and % cells with GFP-Snc1-PEM inside the vacuole. +/- and error bars represent STDEV. Results in this figure represent at least two independent experiments.

History