σ⁵⁴ binds conserved sites in Salmonella enterica.

Targeted validation of predicted σ⁵⁴ binding sites in S. enterica. Enrichment (occupancy units) at predicted σ⁵⁴ binding sites in S. enterica was measured by ChIP-qPCR with anti-σ⁵⁴ (black bars) or no antibody (white bars). The cognate promoter IDs (Tables 1 & 2) are indicated in parentheses. Error bars represent the standard deviation from three independent biological replicates. Significant differences between wild-type and ΔrpoN values are indicated (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001). Note that the y-axis scale differs for first five regions indicated. Underlined genes indicate σ⁵⁴ binding sites previously identified by [14].