Summary of oogenesis in culture using XX, XO and XY ESCs.

Differentiation of XO and XY oocytes is disrupted at three points. First, meiotic initiation was delayed in XO and XY oocytes. Second, pairing of homologous chromosomes was severely disrupted in XO and XY in oocytes. Although X-transcripts in XO and XY oocytes were lower than those in XX, how it affects to loss of oocytes is not clear. Third, Eif3s3y has a negative impact on oogenesis, although the molecular function remains to be clarified.