Simulation of the rhythmic behavior of per1 and per2 mutant mice.

(A-C) are the simulations of per1 mutant. Sustained oscillation of per2 mRNA, PER2 protein, and Bmal1 mRNA are shown in blue lines. The simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental data (red circle) that are observed for per1^ldc mutant mice [34]. (D-F) are the simulation shown for per2 mutant. Similar to per1 mutant, sustained oscillations of per1 mRNA, PER1 protein, and Bmal1 mRNA are observed in per2 mutant and are in good agreement with the experimental results that observed in per2^ldc mutant mice [34]. For comparison, each time series were normalized between 0 and 1. For per1 mutant, parameter values adjusted are v_s1 = 0 nMh^-1, v₄ = 0.43 nMh^-1, and k_p4 = 0.19 nMh^-1. For per2 mutant, parameter values varied are v_s1 = 0.7 nMh^-1, v_s2 = 0 nMh^-1, v_s3 = 4.5 nMh^-1, v_s5 = 0.5 nMh^-1,v₁ = 0.44 nMh^-1, v₂ = 1.38 nMh^-1, v₃ = 1.67 nMh^-1,k₁ = 1.44 h^-1, k_d3 = 0.08 h^-1,k_p1 = 0.11 nM^-1h^-1, and k_p2 = 0.18 nM^-1h^-1. Remaining parameters are same as that of in Fig 2. per2 mRNA that peaks at CT8 is taken as the reference point in the case of per1 mutant, and PER1 protein that peaks at CT12 is taken as the reference point for per2 mutant.