HTLV-1 infection in neutrophils and monocytes.

(A) Tax expression is detected by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy in MT4 and neutrophils from HAM/TSP patients using anti-Tax antibody and secondary Alexa Fluor 488 antibody. Myeloperoxidase expression is also detected in neutrophils using anti-MPO antibody and secondary Alexa Fluor 568 antibody. Jurkat was used as a negative control. MT4, HTLV-1 infected cell line; Jurkat cells, HTLV-1 negative human T-cell line. DAPI (blue) was used for nuclei staining. (B) JET WT35 cells were co-cultured with HPB-ATL-2 cells in the presence and absence of azidothymidine (AZT) or raltegravir (RAL), or HTLV-1 uninfected T cell line, CCRF-CEM. The number of tdTomato-positive cells is presented. (C) Dendritic cells were induced from monocytes from HAM/TSP patients, and then differentiated DCs were co-cultured with JET WT35. After 48 hours, newly infected JET WT35 was shown to be red. (D) Quantitative data of co-culture between differentiated DCs and JET WT35 cells. The count of tdTomato positive cells and the number of cells used for this experiment are shown.