Fragment of sample 2897, a ZS 2/2 twill, the most abundant textile type at Reykholt/IS.

It has been identified with vaðmál, a term used in Icelandic historical sources from the 11th century onwards for certain grades of cloth produced to regulated standards [11]. In this image, the warp runs vertically and weft horizontally. The warp yarn is more tightly spun than the weft, is spun clockwise (Z) where the weft is spun anti-clockwise (S), and contains a greater percentage of pigmented fibres. The weave structure is 2/2 twill: each yarn runs over-two-under-two yarns of the opposing system. Scale indicates mm.