Effects of telomere end-to-end fusion and telomere tethering to the nuclear envelope on GCR formation.

(A) GCR rates of wild-type, taz1Δ, and rap1Δ strains in the presence or absence of lig4⁺. (B) GCR rates of strains with INM protein mutants. GFP-Bqt4ΔN or Rap1-GFP-Bqt4ΔN fusion protein was expressed from the bqt4 promoter integrated into genomic DNA as described previously [23]. (C) GCR rates of wild-type, taz1Δ, and rap1Δ strains in the presence or absence of bqt4⁺. Asterisks represent significant differences (P < 0.05) from the wild-type strain unless otherwise noted. P-values were obtained by the two-tailed Mann–Whitney test.