10.1371/journal.ppat.1007899.g003
Kathryn McGuckin Wuertz
Kathryn McGuckin
Wuertz
Piper M. Treuting
Piper M.
Treuting
Emily A. Hemann
Emily A.
Hemann
Katharina Esser-Nobis
Katharina
Esser-Nobis
Annelise G. Snyder
Annelise G.
Snyder
Jessica B. Graham
Jessica B.
Graham
Brian P. Daniels
Brian P.
Daniels
Courtney Wilkins
Courtney
Wilkins
Jessica M. Snyder
Jessica M.
Snyder
Kathleen M. Voss
Kathleen M.
Voss
Andrew Oberst
Andrew
Oberst
Jennifer Lund
Jennifer
Lund
Michael Gale Jr.
Michael
Gale
STING deficiency leads to increased innate immune signaling during WNV infection.
Public Library of Science
2019
neuropathological West Nile virus infection West Nile Virus
WT mice
neurotropic RNA viruses
IFN
T cell response
canonical STING activation
control WNV infection
DNA
neurotropic WNV infection
host defense
arboviral encephalitic morbidity
CNS
terferon G ene
re-emerging RNA virus
2019-08-15 17:30:34
Figure
https://plos.figshare.com/articles/figure/STING_deficiency_leads_to_increased_innate_immune_signaling_during_WNV_infection_/9633905
<p>(A-B) (A) WNV detection in BMDM by RT-qPCR, (B) innate immune response gene expression in WNV-infected BMDM over an infection time course. Bone marrow was harvested and differentiated into BMDM with mMCSF for 7 days. Cells were infected and harvested at the indicated time-points. Mock infected cells harvested at 12hpi. n = 3 infectious replicates. Results were reproducibly significant in multiple studies. Calculated as linear fold change over WT Mock. Unpaired students t-test; p = 0.05*; p = 0.005**, p = 0.0005***. (C) Splenic WNV titers at D4 and D8 post infection (PFU/g detected by plaque assay). n = 3–4. Graphed as stacking points. Limit of detection indicated by dashed line. Unpaired students t-test; p = 0.05*. (D) <i>In vivo</i> innate immune profile in splenic and CNS tissues. RT-qPCR detection of innate immune genes in the spleen, spinal cord and brain regions (brain stem, cerebellum, sub-cortex). Columns indicate individual mice; rows the different tissues. Calculated as log (WNV) or linear (immune) fold change over GAPDH in WT Mock. Dark red indicates values outside of (above) set scale.</p>