<i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> (<i>CR44404</i>) expression is strongly induced by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and its expression is regulated by the Toll and Imd pathways and a functional BAP complex. ValanneSusanna SalminenTiina S. Järvelä-StöltingMirva VesalaLaura RämetMika 2019 <p>A) In a whole transcriptome analysis, 28 genes were more than 18-fold upregulated after a <i>M</i>. <i>luteus</i> infection. The highest upregulation in infected flies was found in a long non-coding RNA gene, <i>CR44404</i> (<i>lincRNA-IBIN</i>). p-value <0.005 in all selected genes (<a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007504#ppat.1007504.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>). <b>B)</b> 16 upregulated lncRNA genes have more than a threefold expression change in response to a <i>M</i>. <i>luteus</i> infection in adult flies. p-value <0.05 in all selected lncRNA genes (<a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007504#ppat.1007504.s002" target="_blank">S2 Table</a>). <b>C)</b> <i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> expression is induced in <i>Drosophila</i> adults within two hours of an infection by <i>M</i>. <i>luteus</i> or <i>E</i>. <i>cloacae</i>. For fold-induction values, expression values in uninfected samples were set to 1. <b>D)</b> <i>M</i>. <i>luteus</i>-induced <i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> expression is dependent on the Toll pathway (the Toll pathway adaptor protein MyD88) function. <b>E)</b> <i>E</i>. <i>cloacae-</i>induced <i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> expression is dependent on the Imd pathway (Relish) function. In <b>D</b> and <b>E</b>, for fold-induction values, expression values in uninfected <i>w</i>, <i>MyD88</i><sup><i>IR</i></sup> samples were set to 1 <b>F)</b> <i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> expression is induced in <i>Drosophila</i> adults upon silencing of the <i>Drosophila</i> inhibitor of κB factor <i>cactus</i>. <b>G)</b> <i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> expression is induced in <i>Drosophila</i> larvae with the constitutively active form of the Toll receptor, <i>Toll</i><sup><i>10b</i></sup>. In <b>F</b> and <b>G</b>, for fold-induction values, expression values in uninfected/untreated <i>w</i> samples were set to 1. <b>H)</b> <i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> expression is also modestly induced by the ubiquitous overexpression of <i>Imd</i> with daughterless-GAL4 (<i>da>Imd</i>) in <i>Drosophila</i> larvae. For fold-induction values, the expression value of <i>w</i>,<i>da</i>> was set to 1. <b>I-J)</b> Both <i>M</i>. <i>luteus</i> and <i>E</i>. <i>cloacae</i>-induced <i>lincRNA-IBIN</i> expression is dependent on the functional chromatin remodeling BAP complex. In <b>I</b> and <b>J</b>, for fold-induction values, expression values in uninfected <i>w</i>, <i>osa</i><sup><i>IR</i></sup> samples were set to 1.</p>