10.1371/journal.pntd.0005805.g004 Janny A. Villa-Pulgarín Janny A. Villa-Pulgarín Consuelo Gajate Consuelo Gajate Javier Botet Javier Botet Alberto Jimenez Alberto Jimenez Nicole Justies Nicole Justies Rubén E. Varela-M Rubén E. Varela-M Álvaro Cuesta-Marbán Álvaro Cuesta-Marbán Ingrid Müller Ingrid Müller Manuel Modolell Manuel Modolell José L. Revuelta José L. Revuelta Faustino Mollinedo Faustino Mollinedo Edelfosine induces breakage of kinetoplast DNA prior to nuclear DNA breakdown, and accumulates in mitochondria in <i>Leishmania</i> parasites and cancer cells. Public Library of Science 2017 ATP synthase lipid raft-located F O F 1 F O F 1 ATP synthase inhibition Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast APL tumor cells tumor cell apoptosis-inducer edelfosine edelfosine drug resistance Leishmania axenic amastigotes ether lipid edelfosine Background Leishmaniasis DNA novel druggable targets Leishmania parasites raft-located F O F 1 vivo antileishmanial activity tumor cell mitochondria edelfosine-induced cell death intracellular Leishmania amastigotes show antileishmanial activity macrophage pro-inflammatory responses 2017-08-22 17:26:14 Figure https://plos.figshare.com/articles/figure/Edelfosine_induces_breakage_of_kinetoplast_DNA_prior_to_nuclear_DNA_breakdown_and_accumulates_in_mitochondria_in_i_Leishmania_i_parasites_and_cancer_cells_/5332336 <p>(<b>A</b>) <i>L</i>. <i>panamensis</i> promastigotes were untreated (Control) or treated with 10 μM edelfosine (EDLF) for 6 and 9 h, and then analyzed by confocal microscopy for propidium iodide (PI) staining and TUNEL assay. The positions of the nucleus (N) and kinetoplast (K) are indicated by arrows. Merging of PI and TUNEL panels (Merge) shows the DNA-containing organelles with DNA disruption in yellow. The corresponding differential interference contrast (DIC) images were included in the Merge panels to highlight parasite morphology and facilitate kinetoplast identification. (<b>B</b>) <i>L</i>. <i>panamensis</i> promastigotes and (<b>C</b>) HeLa cancer cells were incubated with 10 μM PTE-ET (blue fluorescence) for 1 h, 100 nM MitoTracker (red fluorescence) for 20 min to localize mitochondria, and then analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Areas of colocalization between mitochondria and PTE-ET in merge panels are purple. The corresponding differential interference contrast (DIC) images are also shown. Images are representative of three independent experiments. Bar, 20 μm.</p>