%0 Figure %A Ikeda, Jiro %A Ichiki, Toshihiro %A Takahara, Yusuke %A Kojima, Hiroshi %A Sankoda, Chikahiro %A Kitamoto, Shiro %A Tokunou, Tomotake %A Sunagawa, Kenji %D 2015 %T Effects of palmitate on ER stress and apoptotic signaling pathways. %U https://plos.figshare.com/articles/figure/_Effects_of_palmitate_on_ER_stress_and_apoptotic_signaling_pathways_/1444924 %R 10.1371/journal.pone.0128546.g001 %2 https://plos.figshare.com/ndownloader/files/2105342 %K ER stress %K chop %K perk %K raw %K jnk %K Western Blot analysis %K scd %K type 2 diabetes %K agonist %K expression %K murine macrophage cell line %K ppar %K gw %K Macrophages BackgroundClinical trials %K ER stress marker %X

RAW264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations (μmol/L) of palmitate (Black bar) or corresponding amount of BSA (White bar) for 16 hours. Western blot analyses for Phospho (P)-PERK (A), CHOP (B), Phospho (P)-JNK (C), cleaved caspase-3 (D) were performed. (E) The effect of palmitoleate on PERK phosphorylation was compared with that of palmitate in RAW264.7 cells. The bar graphs indicate the ratio of P-PERK to PERK, CHOP to α-tubulin, P-JNK to JNK, and cleaved caspase-3 to α-tubulin, respectively. *P<0.05, ** P<0.01 vs control. n = 4. (F) The effect of palmitate on PERK phosphorylation was examined in peritoneal macrophages. The effects of pioglitazone and SCD-1 inhibitor were also examined. **p<0.01 vs control (palmitate (-), pioglitazone (-)), ##P<0.01 vs palmitate, ††P<0.01 vs Palmitate+Pioglitazone. n = 4.

%I PLOS ONE