Yamada, Hidetoshi Kikuchi, Sayaka Inui, Tomoki Takahashi, Hideyuki Kimura, Ken-ichi Gentiolactone, a Secoiridoid Dilactone from <i>Gentiana triflora</i>, Inhibits TNF-α, iNOS and Cox-2 mRNA Expression and Blocks NF-κB Promoter Activity in Murine Macrophages <div><p>Background</p><p>Gentian roots have been used as a herbal medicine because of their anti-inflammatory activities. However, the molecular mechanisms of these anti-inflammatory effects remain to be completely explained.</p><p>Methods and Findings</p><p>Here, we investigated anti-inflammatory effects of gentian roots and showed that root extracts from <i>Gentiana triflora</i> inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells. The extracts also contained swertiamarin and gentiopicroside, which are the major active compounds of gentian roots; however, neither compound had any effect on LPS-induced TNF-α production in our test system. We isolated gentiolactone as an inhibitor of TNF-α production from the extracts. Gentiolactone also inhibited LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression at the mRNA level. Moreover, gentiolactone suppressed NF-κB transcriptional activity without inhibition of IκB degradation or NF-κB nuclear transport.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Our results indicate that inhibition of TNF-α, iNOS and Cox-2 expression by gentiolactone is one of the mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory properties of gentian roots.</p></div> lps;Murine Macrophages BackgroundGentian roots;inhibition;compound;RAW 264.7 cells;inos;extract;mrna;gentiolactone;expression;Gentiana triflora;nf;mechanism;cox;tnf;gentian roots 2014-11-25
    https://plos.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Gentiolactone_a_Secoiridoid_Dilactone_from_Gentiana_triflora_Inhibits_TNF_iNOS_and_Cox_2_mRNA_Expression_and_Blocks_NF_B_Promoter_Activity_in_Murine_Macrophages/1251358
10.1371/journal.pone.0113834